The IDF launched Operation Black Arrow (Mivtza Ḥetz Shaḥor) following a series of incidents on Israel-Egypt's border, the last of which was an infiltration of an Egyptian intelligence squad into Israel and the murder of an Israeli citizen. It was carried out in Gaza, while under Egyptian control, on 28 February 1955. The operation targeted the Egyptian Army. Thirty-eight Egyptian soldiers were killed during the operation as were eight Israelis.